Kapova cave is a limestone karst cave in the Burzyansky District of Bashkortostan, Russia, 200 km south-east of Ufa, in the southern Ural mountains. Located on the Belaya River in the natural reserve Shulgan-Tash, the cave is best known for the 16,000 years old Upper Paleolithic rock paintings and drawings.

The entrance to the cave is situated on the southern slope of the Sarykuskan mountain. It forms a huge arch of 30 m height. To the left of the entrance to the cave is a lake from which the river Shul'gan originates. Inside the cave flows the underground Shul'gan river, that created the cave. This three-storey cave system is about 3 km long, with a vertical amplitude of 165 m including siphon underwater cavities, large halls, galleries, underground lakes and the river.